全集 导演:唐纳德·托德
Di□fer□ntphiloso□hicalschoolshaveoff□□edvario□s□nt□r□retat□onsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.InConfu□□anism,Reniss□ena□ani□herentqua□□tytha□canbecultivatedth□ougheduca□□on,□elf-discipline,andmoralpractice.Mencius,aprominentCo□fuci□nthi□ker,arguedthathumanbei□gsare□ornwi□□□ninna□es□□seofgo□dness,whichca□benur□u□edand□evel□pedthroughpropergu□dancea□□education.□unzi□anotherCo□fuci□□ph□l□s□pher,to□□amorepes□□□ist□cview,□uggesti□□thathum□n□at□rei□i□he□entl□s□lfish□ndthat□oralvir□uesmu□tbeimposedthroug□stric□socialnormsandinstitutions□□>
Differen□philo□o□hi□alschools□a□e□□feredvari□u□interpretationsofRenZ□a□e□enYuan.InConfuci□nism,Renis□eena□aninhere□□qualitythatc□nbecult□vate□througheducation,se□□-discipli□□,□n□mo□alprac□ice.Menci□□□aprominentConf□cianth□n□er□a□guedthathumanbei□gsareb□rnwithaninnatesenseofgoodness,wh□chcanb□n□rturedanddevelopedthrou□hprop□rguida□ceanded□cation.Xun□i,an□t□erConfu□ia□p□ilosopher□t□okamo□epessimi□ticview,s□gg□stingthathu□anna□ure□□inherent□yself□sh□n□th□tmoralv□rtuesm□stbeimpos□□□□ro□ghstrictsoci□lnormsandin□titu□□ons□
D□ffere□tphilosophic□lschools□av□offer□dv□□i□□sin□er□retationsofRenZhaDe□enYuan.InCon□ucianism,Renisseenasani□□erentq□a□itythatcanbe□ul□iva□□dthrough□du□ation,self-dis□ipline,□ndm□□alpra□tice.□□ncius,a□rom□ne□□Co□□ucianth□nker,argued□hath□manbeingsareb□r□withaninna□□senseo□□ood□ess,□hic□□anbenu□turedanddev□l□ped□hro□g□p□op□rguid□□c□a□□□ducation.Xunzi,an□therConf□cianphilosoph□□,tookamo□e□□s□imisticvi□w,sugge□tingthathuma□natureisin□ere□tlys□lfisha□d□□atmoralvirt□esm□stbeimposed□□□oughstricts□c□alnor□sandinstitut□ons.
Differentphilosophic□lschoolshav□off□redvario□sinterpret□tio□□ofR□nZhaDeBen□□an.I□Conf□cianism,Reni□s□enasanin□erent□uali□ythatcanbecultiv□tedth□ou□□education,sel□-discipline,andmoral□rac□ice.M□nciu□,apromine□tConfuc□anthin□□r,argued□□athumanbe□ngsar□□ornwit□a□innate□en□eofgo□dness,wh□ch□anb□nurturedandd□□elo□edthroughproperguida□ceandeduca□ion.Xunzi,an□therCon□uc□a□phi□os□p□e□□tookamore□e□s□mi□t□cview,suggestingth□thum□□natur□isinherentlyself□sha□dthatmoral□ir□uesmustbeimpos□d□□rough□trictsocialnor□sandi□stitu□i□ns.
<□>Diffe□e□tphi□osophicalschoolshaveoffe□edvariousint□rpreta□ionsofR□nZha□eBenY□an.InConfu□ian□s□,Reniss□en□sanin□ere□t□ua□itythatcanbecultivatedt□roughed□cation,s□lf-di□□ipli□e,□n□mora□pr□ctice.□encius,aprominent□□nfuc□ant□□□ker,arguedthathuma□beingsar□bornwit□aninnatese□□□ofgoodn□ss□whi□hca□benurt□reda□dd□velopedt□roughproperguidan□eand□d□cation.Xun□i,ano□herC□nfucianphilosopher,□ookamorepes□imisticview,suggestingthathuma□□a□u□eisinhe□□n□lys□□f□sh□ndthat□ora□□□rtu□smus□beimposedthroughstri□□s□cialnormsan□institution□. ... 详情
Di□fer□ntphiloso□hicalschoolshaveoff□□edvario□s□nt□r□retat□onsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.InConfu□□anism,Reniss□ena□ani□herentqua□□tytha□canbecultivatedth□ougheduca□□on,□elf-discipline,andmoralpractice.Mencius,aprominentCo□fuci□nthi□ker,arguedthathumanbei□gsare□ornwi□□□ninna□es□□seofgo□dness,whichca□benur□u□edand□evel□pedthroughpropergu□dancea□□education.□unzi□anotherCo□fuci□□ph□l□s□pher,to□□amorepes□□□ist□cview,□uggesti□□thathum□n□at□rei□i□he□entl□s□lfish□ndthat□oralvir□uesmu□tbeimposedthroug□stric□socialnormsandinstitutions□□>
Differen□philo□o□hi□alschools□a□e□□feredvari□u□interpretationsofRenZ□a□e□enYuan.InConfuci□nism,Renis□eena□aninhere□□qualitythatc□nbecult□vate□througheducation,se□□-discipli□□,□n□mo□alprac□ice.Menci□□□aprominentConf□cianth□n□er□a□guedthathumanbei□gsareb□rnwithaninnatesenseofgoodness,wh□chcanb□n□rturedanddevelopedthrou□hprop□rguida□ceanded□cation.Xun□i,an□t□erConfu□ia□p□ilosopher□t□okamo□epessimi□ticview,s□gg□stingthathu□anna□ure□□inherent□yself□sh□n□th□tmoralv□rtuesm□stbeimpos□□□□ro□ghstrictsoci□lnormsandin□titu□□ons□
D□ffere□tphilosophic□lschools□av□offer□dv□□i□□sin□er□retationsofRenZhaDe□enYuan.InCon□ucianism,Renisseenasani□□erentq□a□itythatcanbe□ul□iva□□dthrough□du□ation,self-dis□ipline,□ndm□□alpra□tice.□□ncius,a□rom□ne□□Co□□ucianth□nker,argued□hath□manbeingsareb□r□withaninna□□senseo□□ood□ess,□hic□□anbenu□turedanddev□l□ped□hro□g□p□op□rguid□□c□a□□□ducation.Xunzi,an□therConf□cianphilosoph□□,tookamo□e□□s□imisticvi□w,sugge□tingthathuma□natureisin□ere□tlys□lfisha□d□□atmoralvirt□esm□stbeimposed□□□oughstricts□c□alnor□sandinstitut□ons.
Differentphilosophic□lschoolshav□off□redvario□sinterpret□tio□□ofR□nZhaDeBen□□an.I□Conf□cianism,Reni□s□enasanin□erent□uali□ythatcanbecultiv□tedth□ou□□education,sel□-discipline,andmoral□rac□ice.M□nciu□,apromine□tConfuc□anthin□□r,argued□□athumanbe□ngsar□□ornwit□a□innate□en□eofgo□dness,wh□ch□anb□nurturedandd□□elo□edthroughproperguida□ceandeduca□ion.Xunzi,an□therCon□uc□a□phi□os□p□e□□tookamore□e□s□mi□t□cview,suggestingth□thum□□natur□isinherentlyself□sha□dthatmoral□ir□uesmustbeimpos□d□□rough□trictsocialnor□sandi□stitu□i□ns.
<□>Diffe□e□tphi□osophicalschoolshaveoffe□edvariousint□rpreta□ionsofR□nZha□eBenY□an.InConfu□ian□s□,Reniss□en□sanin□ere□t□ua□itythatcanbecultivatedt□roughed□cation,s□lf-di□□ipli□e,□n□mora□pr□ctice.□encius,aprominent□□nfuc□ant□□□ker,arguedthathuma□beingsar□bornwit□aninnatese□□□ofgoodn□ss□whi□hca□benurt□reda□dd□velopedt□roughproperguidan□eand□d□cation.Xun□i,ano□herC□nfucianphilosopher,□ookamorepes□imisticview,suggestingthathuma□□a□u□eisinhe□□n□lys□□f□sh□ndthat□ora□□□rtu□smus□beimposedthroughstri□□s□cialnormsan□institution□.